Erik Amdrup (born 21 February 1923 in Visby, Tønder, Denmark, died 22 February 1998) was a Danish professor of surgery, doctor, and author.

From 1965, Amdrup was assistant head doctor at Københavns Kommunehospital, from 1971 to 1988 he was head of gastroenterological surgery at Århus kommunehospital and professor of surgery at Århus Universitet. His work on peptic ulcers and surgical treatment of these won international acclaim. He was active in research at the Institutt for Eksperimentell Klinisk Forskning at Århus Universitet, and was the institute's leader for a time.

Aged 56, Amdrup made in his debut in 1979 as a fiction author with the crime novel Hilsen fra Hans. Many of his novels were acclaimed as the year's best Danish crime novel. The novel Renters rente was filmed as a Danish TV series in 1996.